"Wooden Water Pipe," The Manufacturer and Builder, Volume 18, Issue 1 (Jan. 1886), pp. 4-5. Courtesy of The Making of America Digital Collection, Cornell University Library.

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Chas H. Mitchell, "Sewer Outlets at Niagara Falls, Ont.," Engineering News and American Railway Journal, Volume XXXVII, No. 19 (13 May 1897), p. 300.

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Arthur L. Adams, "Stave Pipe -- Its Economic Design and the Economy of Its Use," Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Volume XLI (June 1899), pp. 27-84.

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D. C. Henny, "Nine-Foot Wood Stave Pipe, Floriston Pulp and Paper Co., Floriston, CAL.," Engineering News and American Railway Journal, Volume XLIV, No. 14 (4 October 1900), pp. 235-236 (combined).

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Theron A. Noble, "The Flow of Water in Wood Pipes," Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Volume XLIX (December 1902), pp. 112-144.

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H. D. Coale, Hydraulic Data (Portland, Ore: Bushong & Co., 1913), a publication of the Pacific Tank & Pipe Company, pp. 2-90.

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J. F. Partridge, "Modern Practice in Wood Stave Pipe Design and Suggestions for Standard Specifications," with Discussion, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Volume LXXXII,1918, pp. 433-514.

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Harold E. Babbitt and James J. Doland, Water Supply Engineering, Second Edition (New York and London: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1931), pp. 401-406. Courtesy of Raymond D. Hamilton, P.E., D.E.E.

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Leonard Church Urquhart, Editor-in-Chief, Civil Engineering Handbook (New York and London: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1934), pp. 845-848. Courtesy of Raymond D. Hamilton, P.E., D.E.E.

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H. K. Barrows, Water Power Engineering, Second Edition (New York and London: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1934), pp. 376-385. Courtesy of Raymond D. Hamilton, P.E., D.E.E.

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Jon C. Schladweiler, P.E., R.L.S., "Wood Storm Water Culvert Pipe," May 2003.

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Jon C. Schladweiler, P.E., R.L.S., "Fire Plugs," 2003.

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